Learning for an Uncertain Future: Artificial Intelligence A Challenge for Pakistani Education System in The Era of Digital Transformation

The future always comes with surprises. The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) and its integration in different sectors has brought forth a multitude of daunting challenges and opportunities for education systems all around the globe. In, Pakistan where the educational system is already grappling with many issues such as socioeconomic disparities, limited access to quality education, and outdated pedagogical styles, hence the integration of AI into education has created an anxious situation. The study aims to shed light on challenges posed by AI to the Pakistani educational system in the era of digital transformation. A qualitative research study was conducted with two independent focus groups of educators (n=8) and heads of department (n=5) from Rawalpindi and Islamabad universities were recruited for this study. Thematic analysis identified major challenges faced by the Pakistani educational system due to AI integration and digital transformation. First, AI enhances the learning experience as AI integration in education can provide personalized and adaptive learning and teaching experience. Students can receive immediate feedback and access to a wide range of educational aids and resources. Secondly, digital transformation can bridge the educational divide by easy access to quality education particularly in remote areas in Pakistan. AI-powered tools can streamline administrative tasks and enable educators to focus more on teaching. Most importantly, the development of AI literacy for educators and policymakers can enable informed decision-making, and optimize teaching strategies. Themes also highlighted the anxieties and worries among educators related to the digital divide as a great challenge for Pakistan. AI technologies are enhancing teaching and administrative task but on the other hand integration of AI and automation in education is also raising concerns about job displacement for educators. The need to balance the benefits of AI with the good preservation of human-centric education has become a crucial matter. A strong need for a workforce fully equipped with relevant skills to match the pace of AI and digital transformation. So, the Integration of AI into the Pakistani educational system brings both challenges and opportunities. To tackle these uncertainties and challenges, potential strategies need to be devised including professional development and training programs to develop AI literacy among educators. Overreliance on digital tools and AI can hinder holistic educational development, so the development of critical thinking, and problem-solving skills with integration technology can ensure a well-round educational system.
Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Educational System, Digital Transformation, Teaching Strategies